Step by step guide on how to identify general automotive suspension and drivetrain popping noises, this information pertains to most vehicles.
Difficulty Scale: 5 of 10
Begin with the vehicle on level ground, engine off (cold) in park with the emergency brake set.
Step 1 - A strut or shock is designed to dampen unwanted vehicle motion, if these components wear they will become loose or leak which can create popping, banging and rattling noises.
Step 2 - A sway bar or bars, (some cars have front
and rear sway bars) are designed to prevent the car from rolling (leaning) when
cornering. These sway bars are mounted to the frame and connected to the suspension
arms using connecting links. If a sway bar mount or the connecting links become
worn or loose it can generate a banging, popping or rattling sound. To check for
this condition check the mounting bolts and bushings, re-tighten or replace as needed.
Step 3 - Some vehicles are designed with drive
axles which include CV (constant velocity) joints. When CV joints start to wear,
they will bind up on acceleration especially in a turn. This causes a popping sound
in the front suspension that can transfer to the vehicle. -
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Step 4 - A tie rod connects the steering components
to the spindle which is attached to the wheel. These tie rod ends have a small
ball joint at one end and threads on the other. When the universal or ball joint
wears, it can cause popping or ticking sound. Check tie rod ends for wear and replace
as needed. (Note: Car re-alignment is required when replacing suspension components.)
Step 5 - Control arm bushings are designed to allow
the suspension arms to pivot near the frame mounts. These bushings are constructed
of two metal collars, one large and one small with rubber molded inside, the larger
collar holding the smaller collar inside. Time and usage cause the rubber inside
the bushings to deteriorate allowing the suspension arm to rattle or make popping
noises. To check for this condition use a flashlight to view the upper and lower
control arm bushings. If any rubber is missing or pushed out of the side, they must
be replaced. Control arm bushings are sometimes serviced by replacing the complete
suspension arm.
Step 6 - A rim and tire is designed to hold extreme
pressures of normal vehicle usage. If the rim has developed a crack or if the lug
nuts that hold the rim to the wheel hub are loose it could create a popping, rattling
or clicking noise. To check for this condition remove the wheel cover (if equipped)
and inspect the rim for cracks and check the tightness of the rim lug nuts, if a
crack is observed replace the rim immediately and tighten all lug nuts to manufacturer's
specification.
Step 7 - A ball joint is used as the universal
joint that allows the movement needed in a suspension system. This joint is constructed
of a metal base in which the ball rides inside of. Both parts are made of metal
and require grease to work freely. These joints are under extreme pressure and can
cause suspension noises when they are worn out or need lubrication.