Car Repair Help by Professional Mechanics.
Troubleshooting
/ Power Steering
Failure
Power Steering Troubleshooting
A power steering system is designed to utilize power from the engine
to assist in the force needed to steer the vehicle. When the engine is running, a
multi ribbed belt is used to transfer engine power to a hydraulic fluid pump. This
pump pressurizes fluid and then transfers this fluid using power steering hoses
that are connected to a power steering box or rack and pinion depending how the
car is designed. When the power steering system has malfunctioned the vehicle will
be very difficult to steer. It is advised not to move a vehicle with the
power steering system not operating. Any steering component malfunction can cause
the vehicle to be uncontrollable. When a malfunction occurs basic trouble shooting
is required, we have listed some of the most popular problems below:
Power Steering Rack
Troubleshooting Procedure
A. Check Power Steering System Fluid Level. The power steering
system utilizes hydraulic fluid to transfer force from the
power steering
pump the the rack and pinion or steering box, without fluid the system can not function.
Check power steering fluid level by locating the power steering fluid reservoir
and remove the cap (twist counter clockwise). Most systems have a fluid level dip
stick mounted inside the cap. If the fluid level is down or there is no fluid in
the reservoir the system has a leak. Inspect the entire power steering system: pump,
hoses and rack and pinion or box assembly, replace worn or broken components as
needed. Refill system with manufacturers recommended fluids then start
engine (hands
away from engine) and turn
steering from
lock to lock several times. Shut the engine off and recheck fluid level, allow system
stand for a period of time to allow air in the fluid (aeration) to dissipate. Check
fluid level and re-top as needed.
Power Steering Cap
B. Check Multi Rib Drive
Belt. The power steering pump is driven by a
multi
rib belt and is used to transfer energy from the engine to the hydraulic
steering pump.
If the belt is in poor condition or has failed completely it will render the system
non-operational.
Multi Rib Belt
C. Power Steering Pump Failure. The power steering system depends on a
hydraulic pump to supply the fluid pressure needed to operate the system. If the
pump fails internally, the pressure needed to operate the system is not present rendering
the system non-operational. The power steering pump must be replaced and refill with
fluid. (note: some power steering pump pulleys are pressed on and need a specialized
tool to be removed and replaced)
Troubleshooting
/ Power Steering
Failure
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