1. You need to narrow down what is drawing the juice. It could be internal to the alternator or you can go by fuse (taking them one at a time to find out what is drawing more current than it should.
2. Sounds like a timing issue first and then I would be concerned that the richness of the carb is set too high.
Techically they can be interchangeable, but one must know what connections go where, etc and the fitting of the alternator on the mounts would be tough and pulley, etc. For a novice, stick with a rebuilt, new, or a direct conversion to another alternator.